Located in the Central Anatolia Region, Ankara is situated between the Kızılırmak and Sakarya Rivers and has a large area of diverse habitats. Ankara is located about 938 meters above sea level. The city has a continental climate with cold and snowy winters and hot and dry summers. Average winter temperatures can drop below 0°C, while in summer temperatures exceed 30°C. Precipitation is usually concentrated in the spring and autumn months.

The main ecosystems are steppe, forest, wetland and mountain ecosystems. These diverse habitats have created a rich biodiversity and suitable habitats for wildlife.

Ankara's wildlife has a rich biodiversity due to its geographical diversity and climate. While mammals such as rabbits, red foxes and wild boars can be found in the steppes, larger mammals such as brown bear, eurasian lynx, grey wolf, red deer and roe deer are found in the forested areas in the north of Ankara. Anatolian Mouflon have been relocated to the area surrounding the Sarıyar Dam in Nallıhan, and a population has been established in these former habitats. Kızılcahamam is an important habitat for the black vulture and Beypazarı is an important breeding ground for the egyptian vulture.

Acıkır steppes, Polatlı TİGEM, Kirmir and İnözü Valleys, Ayaş Mountains and Kazan Hills contain gypsum and marl steppes, which are the habitat of many endemic plant species. It is also an important habitat and breeding area for some bird species.

Eymir and Mogan Lakes, Çöl Lake, Uyuz Lake, Sarıyar Dam, Salt Lake and Hirfanlı Dam are important wetlands of Ankara and are important in terms of biodiversity. These wetlands are important breeding grounds for many fish and bird species. Saline steppes around Çöl Lake and Salt Lake are also important ecosystems in terms of plant endemism.

According to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 51 mammals, 324 birds, 39 reptiles and amphibian, about 2,400 plants and 24 inland fish species have been recorded within the provincial borders. A total of 126 species are endangered, including 3 mammal species, 9 bird species, 2 inland fish species, 1 reptile species and 111 plant species. Approximately 400 plant species, 9 inland fish species and 1 mammal species are endemic species found only in Türkiye.